Introduction To Bulk Carriers And Cargo Operations Engineering Essay

Introduction To Bulk Carriers And Cargo Operations Engineering Essay Introduction to Bulk Carriers Bulk Carriers are designed primarily for the transportation of solid bulk cargoes. Leading bulk cargoes are coal, iron ore, phosphate, nitrate and grains such as wheat. The carriage of cargo in bulk reduces packaging costs and loading and unloading operations can be speeded up.  In many cases bulk cargoes are found in countries away from where they are required. Bulk carriers are built to various sizes and classified as Handymax/Panamax/Cape-sized bulkers etc. They also vary in types like geared bulkers, self-unloaders, combination carriers etc. Bulk carriers today form a high percentage of world trade. Bulk cargoes carried by them are subject to hazards because of which there are various codes in place for the safety of operating Bulk Carriers. They comprise of the BC Code, International Code for the Safe Carriage of Grain in Bulk (International Grain Code).   Like the original grain rules, the Code is to prevent the particular qualities of grain threatening the stability of ships when it is carried in bulk.  Ã‚   The revised BC Code deals with types of cargoes which may liquefy, materials which possess chemical hazards, and materials which fall into neither of these categories but may nevertheless pose other dangers.   The Code highlights dangers associated with certain types of cargoes giving information on their properties and how to handle them. Various test procedures are stated as well to determine properties of the cargo. The Code also lays importance on how cargoes should be properly distributed so as not to overstress the structure and maintain an adequate standard of stability. All bulk cargoes when loaded have an angle or repose which determines if the cargo is prone to shift. Unlike high dense cargoes such as iron ore cargoes like grain have a low angle of repose whereby the code states precautions to take so that the cargo movement does not affect the vessels stability. For cargoes with low angle of repose, the Code states that such cargoes should be trimmed reasonably and the holds should be filled fully as far as possible without resulting in excessive weight on the supporting structure. The  trimming also helps to cut oxidation by reducing the surface area exposed to the atmosphere thus preventing spontaneous combustion. The code states dangers related with different types of cargoes, like some cargoes are liable to oxidation where as others may emit toxic fumes without oxidation or when wet.   The code gives details of precautions that should be taken for these types of cargoes. The Code also gives details of the various sampling procedures and tests which should be used before transporting concentrates and similar materials and also recommended test procedures to be used by laboratories. A list of cargoes, which may liquefy is contained in appendix A to the Code, while appendix B gives an extensive list of materials possessing chemical hazards.   Appendix C deals with bulk cargoes which are neither liable to liquefy nor possess chemical hazards.   More detailed information concerning test procedures, associated apparatus and standards, which are referred to in the Code are contained in appendix D.   Emergency Schedules for those materials listed in appendix B are contained in appendix E.   Recommendations for entering cargo spaces, tanks, pump rooms, fuel tanks and similar enclosed compartments are shown in appendix F.   Procedures for gas monitoring of coal cargoes are contained in appendix G. Works Cited Isbester, J (1993), Bulk Carrier Practice IMO, (2004), BC Code Ship/Shore Safety checklist for loading or unloading dry bulk cargo carriers Dateà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Portà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Terminal/Quayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Available depth of water in berthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..Minimum air draughtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Ships nameà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Arrival draught (read/calculated)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Air draughtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Calculated departure draughtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..Air draughtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. The master and terminal manager, or their representatives, should complete the checklist jointly. Advice on points to be considered is given in the accompanying guidelines. The safety of operations requires that all questions should be answered affirmatively and the boxes ticked. If this is not possible, the reason should be given, and agreement reached upon precautions should be taken between ship and terminal. If a question is considered to be not applicable write N/A, explaining why if appropriate. SHIP TERMINAL Is the depth of the water at the berth, And the air draught, adequate for the Cargo operations to be completed? Are mooring operations adequate for all local effects of tide, current, Weather, traffic and craft alongside? In emergency, is the ship able to leave the berth at any time? Is there safe access between the Ship and the wharf? Tended by ship/terminalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (cross out as appropriate) Is the agreed ship or terminal communications system operative? Communication methodà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Languageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Radio channels/phone numbersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. SHIP TERMINAL Are the liaison contact persons during operations positively identified? Ship contact personsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Shore contact person(s)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Locationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Are adequate crew on board, and adequate staff in the terminal, for emergency? Have any bunkering operations been advised and agreed? Have any intended repairs to wharf or ship whilst alongside been advised and agreed? Has a procedure for reporting and recording damage from cargo operations been agreed? Has the ship been provided with copies of port and terminal regulations, including safety and pollution requirements and details of emergency services? Has the shipper provided the master with the properties of the cargo in accordance with the requirements of chapter VI of SOLAS? 13. Is the atmosphere safe in holds and enclosed spaces to which access may be required, have fumigated cargoes been identified, and has the need for monitoring of atmosphere been agreed by ship and terminal? Have the cargo handling capacity and any limits of travel for each Loader/unloader been passed to the ship/terminal? Loaderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Loaderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Loaderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Has a cargo loading or unloading plan been calculated for all stages of loading /deballasting or unloading/ballasting? Copy lodged withà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ SHIP TERMINAL Have the holds to be worked been clearly identified in the loading or unloading plan, showing the sequence of work, and the grade and tonnage of cargo to be transferred each time the hold is worked? Has the need for trimming of cargo in the holds been discussed, and have the methods and extent been agreed? Do both ship and terminal understand and accept that if the ballast programme becomes out of step with the cargo operation, it will be necessary to suspend cargo operation until the ballast operation has caught up? Have the intended procedure for removing cargo residues lodged in the holds while unloading, been explained to the ship and accepted? 20. Have the procedures to adjust the final trim of the loading ship been decided and agreed? Tonnage held by the terminal conveyer systemà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Has the terminal been advised of the time required for the ship to prepare for sea, on completion of cargo work? THE ABOVE HAS BEEN AGREED: Timeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Dateà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ For shipà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. For terminalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Rankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Position/Titleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Works Cited IMO, (1998), BLU Code, pp.22-25 GYPSUM A natural hydrated calcium sulphate. Insoluble in water. It is loaded as a fine powder that aggregates into lumps. Average moisture content is 1% to 2%. Characteristics Angle of repose Bulk density(kg/m3) St. Factor (m3) N.A. 1282 to 1493 0.67 to 0.78 Size Class Group Up to 100mm N.A. C Hazard: No special hazard. This cargo is non-combustible or has a low fire-risk. Hold cleanliness: No special requirement. Weather precautions: This cargo is to be kept as dry as possible. It shall not be handled during precipitation. All non working holds in which the cargo is loaded or to be loaded to be kept closed. Loading: Trim in accordance with sections 4 5 of the IMSBC CODE. Precautions: No special requirements. Ventilation: No special requirements. Carriage: No special requirements. Discharge: No special requirements. Clean up: Prior to washing of this cargo, decks and cargo spaces should be shovelled and swept clean because washing of the cargo is difficult. Loaded voyage Hatch covers should be secured battened down for sea and water tight. Booby hatches holds ventilation flaps to be secured and should be water tight. Works Cited (2009), IMSBC Code, pp. 176 Information Provided by Shipper Prior to loading of any cargo the shipper provides the master with information necessary for the safe planning and supervision of loading of the cargo. A declaration is made by the shipper related to the cargo in compliance with the recommendation of the BC Code. Along with the MSDS, information provided consists of: Shippers name Reference numbers Consignee Description of cargo (type of material/particle size etc.) Stowage factor Specification of cargo (IMO class, Ems No. Etc.) Angle of repose Chemical properties Relevant special properties of cargo Additional certificates, if required such as TML and moisture content, exemption certificate etc. Works Cited IMO, (1998) BLU Code, pp. 32 MSDS FOR GYPSUM 1. Product Identification Synonyms: Alabaster, Gypsum stone, Land plaster, Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate, Native calcium sulphate. CAS No.: 13397-24-5 2. Composition/Information on Ingredients Ingredient CAS No Percent Hazardous Gypsum 13397-24-5 90 99% No 3. Hazards Identification Toxic Harmful by inhalation (contains crystalline silica). Mineral Formulae: CaSo42H2O Emergency Overview It is an off white, odourless powder. It is not combustible or explosive. Short term exposure to the powder poses no hazard. Potential Health Effects - Inhalation: May causes irritation to the respiratory tract and choking depending on the degree of exposure. Ingestion: Do not ingest. Small quantities are not known to be harmful but large quantities can cause an obstruction causing pain in the digestive tract. Skin Contact: May cause irritation, dry skin and discomfort. Eye Contact: May cause immediate or delayed irritation or inflammation. With large amounts it can cause eye irritation, redness. Eye exposure requires immediate first aid. Chronic Exposure (inhalation): The product contains crystalline silica which with prolonged or repeated inhalation can cause disabling and fatal lung disease. Silicosis (prolonged inhalation of crystalline silica) increases risk of tuberculosis. Some studies show an increased incidence of chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease in workers exposed to respirable crystalline silica. Medical Conditions aggravated by exposure: Individuals with lung disease can cause aggregation by exposure. 4. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Seek medical attention for discomfort or if coughing. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting .If conscious have person drink plenty of water. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: Wash with cool water and mild skin detergent. Seek medical attention for rash, irritation and prolonged unprotected exposure to wet gypsum. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes, including lower eyelids. Seek medical attention for abrasions and burns. 5. Fire Fighting Measures Fire: Poses no fire related hazard. General Hazard: Avoid breathing dust. Fire Extinguishing Media: Use any means suitable for extinguishing surrounding fire. Fire fighting Equipment: A SCBA is recommended to limit exposures to combustion products when fighting any fire. 6. Accidental Release Measures. Put spilled material in a container. Avoid actions causing it to become airborne. Avoid inhalation and contact with skin. Wear appropriate PPE at all times. Do not wash gypsum down sewage and drainage systems. 7. Handling and Storage General: Keep bulk gypsum dry until used. Engulfment hazard. To prevent burial or suffocation, do not enter confined space. Gypsum can build up or adhere to walls of confined space. It can release or fall unexpectedly. Do not stand on stockpiles of gypsum, they may be unstable. Usage: Cutting, crushing, sanding or other crystalline silica bearing materials will release respirable crystalline silica. Housekeeping: Avoid actions causing the gypsum to become airborne during clean up. Use all appropriate measures of dust control or suppression. Clothing: Promptly remove and launder clothing that is dusty or wet with gypsum. Wash skin after exposure to gypsum. 8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust or other suppression methods to maintain dust levels. Skin Protection: Wear protective gloves, boot covers and clean body-covering clothing. Remove clothing and protective equipment that becomes saturated with wet gypsum and wash exposed areas. Eye Protection: Wear approved safety goggles when handling dust or wet gypsum to prevent contact with eyes. Wearing contact lenses under dust conditions is not recommended. Respiratory Protection: Under ordinary conditions no respiratory protection is required. Wear a approved respirator when exposed to dust above exposure limits. 9. Physical and Chemical Properties Appearance: White or off-white powder. Odour: None Solubility in water: Negligible Specific Gravity: 2.3 g/cm3 pH: 5-8 Boiling Point: >1000 C Freezing Point: None, solid Vapour Density NA. Vapour Pressure NA. Evaporation Rate NA. 10. Stability and Reactivity Stability: Stable. Avoid contact with incompatible materials. Hazardous Decomposition: Decomposes to sulphur oxide and calcium oxide above 1450 C Hazardous Polymerization: None. Incompatibilities: Gypsum is incompatible with acids. It contains silicates which may react with powerful oxidizers such as fluorine, chlorine trifluoride and oxygen difluoride. 11 and 12. Toxicological and Ecological Information Refer to contact information provided. 13. Disposal Considerations Dispose of waste and containers in compliance with applicable Federal, state, provincial and local regulations. Works Cited www.lafarge-na.com (Accessed: 16 November 2010) PREPARATION OF HOLDS On completion of discharge the mate decides on the procedure for cleaning of the holds on basis of time, manpower and next cargo to be loaded. Some cargoes require certain precautions in relation to cleaning of the holds. Gypsum on the other had requires no special preparation. Prior to commencement of cleaning it should be ensured that minimum amount of cargo is left behind by the stevedores. In the early stages of discharge of cargo like wheat when there are interruptions crew members can be sent into the hold to clean positions high under the deck head which will not be accessible during the later stages. This should only be done when there is no cargo working in the hold and it has been ascertained that there is no risk to the crew members. Before commencing work it should be ensured the cargo space is fully ventilated and a Permit to Work obtained. All crew to have proper PPE and safety equipment. The holds are to be swept prior washing in a manner whereby creating minimum dust clouds. The bilges should be checked so that no cargo has gotten in to them and if required get out the cargo before the completion of discharge. The stevedores should be requested to remove the sweepings gathered by the crew. If for reasons it is not possible it should then be stored in drums and kept ready for lifting by the ships cranes. When it is clear and permissible(taking account of the weather) to use the ships cranes the sweepings should be hoisted from the holds and stored on deck until such time when it would be possible to tip it overboard. Washing of holds is carried out by using sea water .Hand held hoses are used for this along with a water cannon. This combination uses compressed air to inject more pressure into the water from the mains. This provides a powerful jet which helps in better cleaning reaches high extremities of the holds. The washing sequence starts at the top of the holds and works down towards. Simultaneously a separate party of seamen will wash the hatch covers and comings with the help of hand held hoses. During this process the water should not be allowed to accumulate on the tank top. The bilges should be run continuously. A slight list to either side and maintaining a stern trim is the most effective method to aid in washing. Communication should be maintained with the bridge or the cargo control room to aid with the above. Once the higher extremities of the holds are washed the tank top is then hosed down to wash off the cargo residue and any dirt. The sounding pipes should also be flushed during washing as neglect of this over time causes the pipes to become blocked. When the salt water washing is complete traces of salt remain on the surface of the hold. If this is allowed to remain it helps in corrosion and is also not acceptable by most surveyors which is why the holds should be rinsed with fresh water. This rinsing also aids in accelerating the drying process. The drying of holds is usually carried out by natural ventilation, time permitting. If vessel is at sea and the waters are relatively calm the hatches can be opened up to speed up the process. The puddles formed by depressions in the tank top are sponged or mopped up by the crew. The water accumulated between the manhole surface and the lid will also have to be dried. The hold bilges should be drained of the unpumpable water, cleaned along with the strum boxes and then dried as well. Once the holds have dried an inspection should be carried out. Loose rust scales if found should be scrapped and cleared. Look for any cargo residue which may be spotted from the hold ladder high up. Bulk heads, tank tops are clean to touch. Look for any residues beneath manhole cover plates and behind pipes. Outlets for the CO2 system should be checked to ensure they are not blocked. If time permits DB tanks can be pressed up to check for any leakages in the holds. Holds to be also checked for damages in case they were missed out during discharge and if found recorded. Also if any maintenance as per the PMS or repair work needs to be carried out should be attended to, time permitting and recorded. A chalk test or a hose test can be carried out to check the water tight integrity of the hatch covers and any repairs if required and then logged. The final preparation would consist of resealing the manhole covers with duct tape. The bilge plate should be bur lapped and replaced to prevent the cargo from falling into the bilge. This system also allows the water to drain in the bilge. In the hold used for heavy weather ballast the gaskets along with the bolting of the watertight cover plate over the ballast suction should be checked. Works Cited South Tyneside College Notes. Isbester, J (1993), Bulk Carrier Practice HAZARDS ASSOCIATING WHEAT GYPSUM PRECAUTIONS Wheat: Is capable of self combustion due the gases given off. Dust is a major factor as it can affect personnel on deck with regard to respiration and cause irritation if it goes into the eyes. On exposure to wheat dust, personnel may also suffer from wheat rash. It can also affect the ships ventilation system if proper filters are not in place. The free flowing characteristics can reduce stability of a vessel caused by free surface effect (in partially filled holds) similar to liquids in partially filled tanks. Due to movement of the vessel the wheat is likely to shift to a side causing a list or even a possibility of capsizing the vessel. In cases where wheat requires fumigation in the form of pellets, gases or sprays all personnel to be made aware of the poisonous characteristics they pose and precautions to be taken. Precautions: All personnel on deck during cargo operations to be donned with proper PPE at all times, including disposable dust masks and safety goggles. Loading to be carried out as low as possible in holds to minimise dust. Wheat cargo has to be kept dry at all times and any form of water ingress has to be avoided to prevent damage to the cargo. As far as possible wheat should be avoided being loaded by partially filling holds. Where a vessel has partially filled holds she should be trimmed level in order to prevent shift of cargo. The surface of the partially filled holds should be secured by approved methods as mentioned in the IMO-grain rules. These methods used are strapping, lashing, saucering, over stowing and securing with wire mesh. In case fumigation is to be carried out on board the master is to be provided about details and precautions to be taken. The spaces to be fumigated have to have warning signs displayed. It is to be carried out by competent shore personnel. In cases where ships staffs presence is required during this operation, it has to be ensured that adequate respiratory protection is worn. Ventilation is required to a great extent to prevent condensation and removal of heat. The total weight of wheat should not exceed one-third of the ships deadweight. GM of 0.30 meters to be maintained or as given by formulae in the BC Code, whichever is greater. During discharge precautions to be taken by stevedores when using hydraulic equipment and grabs so that oil from such equipment does not damage the cargo. Gypsum: This type of cargo is generally not classified as a hazardous cargo. Airborne dust may cause irritation or inflammation to eyes. It could be harmful by inhalation depending on the level and duration of exposure as it contains crystalline silica. It could also cause skin discomfort to a certain level. It poses an engulfment hazard are personnel are advised not to stand on stock piles. It can also adhere to walls and can collapse and fall unexpectedly. Precautions: All personnel on deck during cargo operations to be donned with proper PPE at all times, including disposable dust masks and approved safety goggles. Actions to be avoided which can cause gypsum to become airborne. Bulk gypsum is to be kept dry until used as it tends to cake when in contact with water. It is recommended not to wash gypsum down sewage and drainage systems. Works Cited www.lafarge-na.com (Accessed: 16 November 2010) South Tyneside college notes MCA, MGN 284 (M+F) Swadi, D (2nd Edtn.), Cargo Notes IMO, International Grain Code LIFTING PLANT In order to have any equipment or machinery working effectively on board vessels a Planned Maintenance System should be in place and in effect. From an inspection of this maintenance record it is easy to keep track of details like when was the maintenance done last, what was done, when is it due next, what materials are required, how many man hours etc. The reason for this planning is so that we have the necessary tools, spares and consumables on board in advance prior to undertaking maintenance. The basic requirements of lifting plants are:- To keep the equipment in safe and good working order To maintain supporting documentation for the above. The main aspects of lifting plant maintenance are: Routine Inspection and Maintenance In addition to statutory inspections routine inspections are to be carried out by a competent person to asses if the plant is safe for continued use looking for problems like: Cracking at welds. Damaged/Missing grease nipples. Hydraulic oil leakage from motors. Worn or damaged wires. Corrosion. Missing markings. Lack of greasing and oiling. Defects to structure and fittings. Swivels that may not be rotating freely. Loose connection and gap between rails. All maintenance is carried out as per manufacturers instructions which also specify the time period (e.g. Weekly, monthly, yearly and before and after use).Prior to operation all control units, alarms, limit switches and joysticks should be operated and checked. If the plant is in regular use checks required by the external surveys should be done more by ships competent staff more often than once a year, even thou regulations require only an annual survey. Operation by Trained Personnel All vessels lifting plant should be operated by trained and certified personnel to avoid damages and improper use of the equipment. Trained personnel should also be appointed to direct the plant operator using approved hand signals as contained in COSWP. Testing Of Lifting Plant As per the manufacturers instructions the testing and certification of the lifting plant should be carried out at maximum intervals of 5 years. This testing is initially carried out after manufacture and installation of the plant at the ship yard under supervision of a competent person from the ship yard. The test is carried out using an approved proof load exceeding the SWL as specified under the merchant shipping regulations. This test is also required to be carried out if: Any repairs or modifications have been done which is likely to affect the SWL or the strength or stability of the equipment. Prior using any crane which has been idle for more than 6 months If it has been involved in an accident or mishap. Rigging Plan The rigging plans should be available at times along with sufficient technical details like: SWL of all fittings A means of identification Boom limiting angles Instructions for replacing wires and sheaves Dismantling procedures Erection procedures Certification and reports The master is to ensure that a certificate is on board within 28 days of a statutory test or examination for at least 2 years following receipt of next certificate. They are to be kept readily available on board for any dock worker using the ships plant. A register of lifting appliances along with items of loose gear are also kept on board. Works Cited Swadi, D (2009), Cargo Notes Dickie Short, Crane Hand book

The Structural Frame for Merck & Co., Inc.

In 1994, Merck & Co., Inc. hired Ray Gilmore as CEO to help survive the turmoil of the pharmaceutical industry. Gilmore followed a structural frame capitalize on the strong technical tradition of Merck & Co., Inc. who attained a powerful scientific engine. While Vagelos acted as CEO, Merck maintained a strong structure frame through the domination of the company's senior Research and Development (R&D) scientists with strong support from company CEO. When Gilmartin became Merck's CEO, he replaced the two executive vice president positions with a larger Management Committee (MC). MC was directed to improve the company's business processes to build cross-functional skills rather than restructure company organization. Gilmartin expressed his structural frame through the redefinition of employees' roles and relations to rid the company of its functional and divisional barriers. Gilmartin's structural face could also be seen in his creation of Worldwide Business Strategy Teams (WBSTs) to expand individual managers' thinking, planning and actions beyond existing functional areas. The teams were composed of members from all different functional divisions of the company. Gilmartin's structural frame activities improved Merck's planning and resource allocation through cross-functional business processes. The Human Resource Frame for Merck & Co., Inc.: The human resource frame is evident in Merck tradition of high ethical standards since many of the company employees had a higher purpose to save lives. The company CEO proclaimed â€Å"We try never to forget that medicine is for the people. It is not the profits. The profits follow, and if we have remembered that, they never failed to appear.†[1] The company also maintained a cultural image in parallel with its academic image. Company scientists and clinicians were addressed as â€Å"Doctor.† Gilmartin created his symbolic frame by interviewing employees across the company about their views on major issues facing Merck. He cleared the confusion and ambiguity concerning the lack of strategic thinking and clear vision.   He further enhanced employee communication by the initiation of a comprehensive internal review of the issues facing the company by interviewing 800 employees across Merck's functional areas. Gilmartin activities of human resource created a very positive view of Merck's strategy among company employees. One manager said â€Å"We have a clear direction now.† Employees made much progress on management and leadership development. Stakeholders of Vioxx: A number of stakeholders were involved in the Vioxx medicine recalling incident of Merck & Co., Inc. in 2004. Internal stakeholders were Merck & Co., Inc. Company employees and Merck & Co., Inc. company shareholders. External stakeholders were the patients who took the medicine, and the United States Health Department. Negative Impact of the recall of the Vioxx drug to Stockholders: The Merck & Co., Inc. stock was considered dead money in 2004 in expectation to the number of lawsuits filed against the company over safety concerns of the drug. If Merck & Co., Inc. loses the cases, it faces a potentially huge cost from the reimbursements to patients as well as payments for ongoing medical monitoring of people who took Vioxx. The recalling of Vioxx caused an annual decrease income of $2.5 billion. Following the of the announcement of the recall, investors dumped Merck & Co., Inc. shares causing a 30% decrease to reach the lowest closing price in more than eight years. The recall would cut the $1.52 annual dividend and shave at least 50 cents a share, or 16%, off the $3.14 share analysts expected the company to earn in 2004. Recommendation to Mitigate the Recall of Vioxx: Merck & Co., Inc. should seek the production and marketing of innovative products to increase its sales in response to the decrease caused by the recall of Vioxx. In an attempt to improve its public image and ethical stance, Merck & Co., Inc. should relieve some of its senior management who might have been responsible for production of Vioxx. The within punishment of its own top management would convince the public of the commitment to higher ethical standards. [1] George W. Merck, the son of the company's U.S. founder quoted in â€Å"Merck Sharp & Dohame, A brief history,† Merck & Co., Inc,. 1992, p. 18.

Analysis Of The Novel The Sun Also Rises - 1272 Words

The Portrayal of Human Relationship in Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises Hemingway carried the style and attitude of his short stories into his first great novel The Sun Also Rises (1926). He dedicated this novel to his first wife, Hedley Richardson. The novel divided into three books and which also divided into several chapters. The novel begins in Paris, France, moves to Pamplona, Spain and concludes in Madrid, Spain. The Sun Also Rises portrayed the lives of the members of the Lost Generation. The Lost generation was the group of men and women whose early adulthood was consumed by world war I. the war upset many people’s beliefs in traditional values of love, faith and manhood. During the war those who worked in the war suffered great moral and psychological aimlessness. The unsuccessful looking for meaning in the wake of the Great War shapes the novel The Sun Also Rises. Although the characters rarely mention the war directly its effects haunts everything they do and say. Hemingway opens the novel with Gertrude Stein’s words, â€Å"you are the lost generation†. It is a line taken from Ecclesiastes in which the title â€Å"The Sun Also Rises† appeared. Hemingway himself was a part that had real motivation or guidance in their lives. The lost generation people were coped with the war through their artistic elements. In this novel, The Sun Also Rises Hemingway presented all the characters are also â€Å"lost† like him because they had no aim or purpose in like except gettingShow MoreRelated Ernest Hemingway Essay868 Words   |  4 Pages Ernest Hemingway: A Literary Marvel â€Å"One generation passeth away, and another generation cometh; but the earth abideth forever . . . The sun also ariseth, and the sun goeth down, and hasteth to the place where he arose . . . The wind goeth toward the south, and turneth about unto the north; it whirleth about continually, and the wind returneth again according to his circuits . . . .All the rivers run into the sea; ye the sea is not full; unto the place from whence the rivers come, thither they returnRead MoreThe Dependence On Futility : An Analysis Of Brett Ashley1004 Words   |  5 PagesMoore AP English V 18 December 2014 The Dependence on Futility: An Analysis of Brett Ashley In The Sun Also Rises, Ernest Hemingway employs metafiction to reveal the nature of World War One and its effect on individual ideals. Narrating the novel from the first person perspective of the protagonist, Jake Barnes, Hemingway clearly contrasts between fiction and reality. Although the reader has a limited perspective on the events in the novel, the lack of emotional connection between the characters becomesRead MoreWriting Styles Of Ernest Faulkner And The Sun Also Rises By Earnest Hemingway And As I Lay Dying1528 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent events and characters into play. This is particularly true with the authors William Faulkner and Earnest Hemingway. Their writing styles are exponentially different, but both authors use their differing styles to their advantage. In both The Sun Also Rises by Earnest Hemingway and As I Lay Dying by William Faulkner, characters face issues such as feeling alienated and lost. The characters in As I Lay Dying deal with their issues through more complex thoughts and irrational actions, which is illustratedRead MoreErnest Hemmingway: Shifting Gender Roles in The Sun Also Rises782 Words   |  3 Pagescapturing of warfare and how it had affected the â€Å"Lost Generation†. 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One of the main characters, Jay Gatsby,Read MoreThe Reality Effect By Roland Barthes921 Words   |  4 Pagesdetail be taken at? When writers so often put so much labor into their works, it is a naive assumption to think a detail is just a part of moving the novel along. Roland Barthes, an esteemed literary critic, elaborates on this conclusion in his essay â€Å"The Reality Effect†, arguing the most superfluous details have a significant impact on the analysis of a piece of literature and that these small details are essential to a modern work of literature .The seemingly insignificant details could be overlookedRead MoreThe Sun Also Rises Annotated Bibliography1782 Words   |  8 PagesErnest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises A Transformation Of Values Mara L. 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Those six words by Gertrude Stein act as a foreword for the novel, a story about a wandering group of expatriates, drowning their sorrows in liquor and bullfights and glittering Paris lights, but also as the defining label for an entire generation of doomed youth coming to age in a society deeply affected by World War I’s atrocities, characterizedRead More Hemingway and Fitzgerald Essay1423 Words   |  6 PagesFitzgerald Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald, the parties of one of the most famously infamous relationships in literary history met for the first time in late April 1925 at The Dingo Bar, a Paris hangout for the bohemian set. In his novel A Moveable Feast (published posthumously) Hemingway describes his first impressions of Fitzgerald: â€Å"The first time I ever met Scott Fitzgerald a very strange thing happened. Many strange things happened with Scott, but this one I was never ableRead MoreTheme Analysis of The Good Earth by Pearl S. Buck1082 Words   |  5 PagesTheme Analysis of The Good Earth by Pearl S. Buck In The Good Earth, Pearl S. Buck takes you through the life cycle of a farmer who feels an immense dependency for the land. Wang-Lung, the main character, must endure the challenges and struggles against society, the environment, and fatality in order to provide for his family and ensure his rise from poverty to wealth. Within the novel, several themes emerge. As entailed in the title, the earth is definitely the central theme in the novel

The Romantic Movement - 1322 Words

The Romantic Movement, known for its emphasis on the emotional aspect of literature, was a period when such novels as Frankenstein; or the Modern Prometheus were written, being very different than novels written before this era. Romantic thinkers and writers, such as Mary Shelley, believed that imagination was the crucial way of thinking. They often depicted their heroes in their novels as â€Å"creative artists† that are determined to push beyond society’s restrictions and ways of life. Mary Shelley was similar to these writers of such concepts and had incorporated many of these principles in her own novel, Frankenstein. She was apprehensive about the healing powers of nature in the face of unnatural events, the use of one’s knowledge for good or evil intentions, the way the uneducated or poor were treated, and the rapid increase of technology into the modern day. Mary Shelley was born in London, England on August 30, 1797. Her parents were William Godwin, a philosopher, and Mary Wollestonecraft, a feminist. Her parents were well-known writers during the 1800s. Political Justice, written in 1793, was her father’s most famous book which took a critical look at society and the ethical treatment of people. Mary Shelley’s mother promoted her feminist views in her book, A Vindication of the Rights of Women (Coghill). William and Mary had only been married for five months when Mary Shelley was born and nine days later, Mary Wollestonecraft died from puerperal fever (Ginn). Her motherShow MoreRelatedThe Romantic Movement : The Influence Of The Romantic Era731 Words   |  3 Pagesvirtually any other social media would not exist as they do in 2016 without the influence of the Romantic Era. Though the Romantic Era occurred over 200 years ago, its characteristics are an intrinsic part of today’s culture and society. The Romantic Er a was well know for attributes such as the feelings of intense emotion, individuality, imagination, and an ardour for the natural realm. The Romantic Movement aimed to overthrow the ideas of logic and order that Neoclassicism, the era proceeding RomanticismRead MoreThe Pursuit Of The Romantic Movement774 Words   |  4 Pagessimultaneously radical and conformist to the point of truism to state that â€Å"science† has been a definably romantic endeavour, in culture and practice. The heroic and transcendent in science (namely that which is seen to contribute to improvement) has obviously been endorsed and celebrated through prose, poetry and image, but few of these celebrations directly acknowledge the values of the romantic. Likewise, the surprising interdisciplinary overlap that existed before the lath eighteenth and early nineteenthRead MoreRealism And The Romantic Movement775 Words   |  4 PagesAs a brief preface, I chose to answer the first question. Realism, in strictest terms, was a literary movement that found it’s footing in the mid-1800s in France, quickly spreading its meaning into Europe, Russia, and the United States. Realism, itself, is all about allowing an author to use his or her words to illustrate the real world around them. Realist authors often wrote about ordinary citizens, such as you and I, and giving these characters a meaning that many readers wouldn’t initiallyRead MoreTaking a Look at the Romantic Movement929 Words   |  4 PagesThe Romantic Movement was one of the shortest periods in British literary history, starting in 1785 and ending in 1832, but it was also one of the most complex and diverse of literary times due to social and cultural changes that were taking place. Many political events provided the framework for this era, such as the major reform of the British Parliament, America declaring their independence from Great Britain, and the democratic revolution in France (Greenblatt 1412). Although politics playedRead MorePoetry and Poets of the Romantic Movement1688 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Poetry in the Romantic Movement constituted an aspect of rebellion against the enlightenment principles as the poets of the time portrayed. The likes of William words worth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Williams Sister, Dorothy Wordsworth constituted some of such poets whose influence in the world of literature not only helped portray their relationship with nature and the world but also presented a form of relationship which existed between them and those close to them. As reflectedRead MoreA Classical View Of The Romantic Movement1877 Words   |  8 Pagesideologies which related to the wider philosophy of the Romantic Movement. This essay will apply a Classical perspective to John Keats’ Odes. I will examine how John Keats was inspired by the ideologies of the Greeks and Roman mythology. John Keats based his Odes on Roman myths and Greek artefacts; he used these to explore wider themes that relate to Greek Philosophy. This essay will show how Keats related the wider philosophy of the Romantic Movement to the ideologies to the Classical eras. It will alsoRead MoreWilliam Wordsworth And The Creation Of The Romantic Movement1524 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Wordsworth and the Creation of the Romantic Movement William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 – 23 April 1850) was a English Romantic poet. Wordsworth’s earliest poetry was â€Å"published in 1793 in the collections An Evening Walk and Descriptive Sketches. In 1795 he met Samuel Coleridge† (Encyclopedia.com), and produced Lyrical Ballads first published in 1978, it is largely credited as the work that begain the English Romantic movement. In the third edition of Lyrical Ballads published in 1802 theRead MoreThe Age Of Manufacturing That Preceded The Romantic Movement1387 Words   |  6 PagesThe age of manufacturing that preceded the Romantic Movement was characterized by industrialization and scientific, professional thinking. The philosophy of the era teaches that thoughts and assertions are only meaningful if they can be confirmed with evidence or valid reasoning. As a result, any assertion about entities from the abstract or conceptual alike, whether a statement about mermaids and unicorns or God and nature, is cons idered meaningless since they cannot be confirmed by factual reportRead MoreThe Feminist Movement During The Romantic Era1572 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the Romantic Era, gender roles were already set in stone. Women were expected to do certain things, as were men, and they only did such. These clear standards were held very highly in society, however, as many people felt obligated to society to continue with these standards, there were always people who had a different opinion. Women such as Mary Wollstonecraft identified men as the root cause for the need of a change in society. In contrast there were women like Anna Letitia Barbauld whoRead MoreThe Romantic Movement Of The Late 1700s And Early 1800s2307 Words   |  10 Pagessociety. In Europe, many artistic, intellectual and literary movements have inspired museum practices, not only in terms of aesthetic values but also in evoking certain philosophies. By 19th century Europe, Romanticism began to shape many institutions outl ook on art, specifically the museum’s way of engaging with new forms of themes that move beyond the artworks. The aim of this paper is to analyze the profound impact that the Romantic Movement of the late 1700s and early 1800s had on museums in Europe